ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate central auditory processing in children with unilateral stroke and to verify whether the hemisphere affected by the lesion influenced auditory competence. Method 23 children (13 male) between 7 and 16 years old were evaluated through speech-in-noise tests (auditory closure); dichotic digit test and staggered spondaic word test (selective attention); pitch pattern and duration pattern sequence tests (temporal processing) and their results were compared with control children. Auditory competence was established according to the performance in auditory analysis ability. Results Was verified similar performance between groups in auditory closure ability and pronounced deficits in selective attention and temporal processing abilities. Most children with stroke showed an impaired auditory ability in a moderate degree. Conclusion Children with stroke showed deficits in auditory processing and the degree of impairment was not related to the hemisphere affected by the lesion. .
Objetivo Investigar as habilidades de processamento auditivo central em crianças com acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) unilateral e verificar se o hemisfério cerebral afetado influiu na competência auditiva. Método 23 crianças (13 meninos) entre 7 e 16 anos foram avaliados através dos testes de fala com ruído (fechamento auditivo); dicótico de dígitos e de dissílabos alternados (atenção seletiva); padrão temporal de frequência e duração (processamento temporal) e seus resultados comparados aos de crianças controles. A competência auditiva foi estabelecida segundo o desempenho na habilidade de análise auditiva. Resultados Foi constatado desempenho similar entre os grupos na habilidade de fechamento auditivo e défices acentuados nas habilidades de atenção seletiva e processamento temporal. A maioria das crianças com AVC apresentou comprometimento da habilidade auditiva em grau moderado. Conclusão Crianças com AVC apresentaram alterações do processamento auditivo e o grau do comprometimento não se relacionou com o hemisfério afetado pela lesão. .
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Auditory Perception/physiology , Stroke/complications , Stroke/physiopathology , Age Factors , Auditory Diseases, Central/etiology , Auditory Diseases, Central/physiopathology , Auditory Pathways/physiopathology , Case-Control Studies , Hearing Tests , Severity of Illness Index , Time FactorsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the central auditory pathways in workers with noise-induced tinnitus with normal hearing thresholds, compared the auditory brainstem response results in groups with and without tinnitus and correlated the tinnitus location to the auditory brainstem response findings in individuals with a history of occupational noise exposure. METHOD: Sixty individuals participated in the study and the following procedures were performed: anamnesis, immittance measures, pure-tone air conduction thresholds at all frequencies between 0.25-8 kHz and auditory brainstem response. RESULTS: The mean auditory brainstem response latencies were lower in the Control group than in the Tinnitus group, but no significant differences between the groups were observed. Qualitative analysis showed more alterations in the lower brainstem in the Tinnitus group. The strongest relationship between tinnitus location and auditory brainstem response alterations was detected in individuals with bilateral tinnitus and bilateral auditory brainstem response alterations compared with patients with unilateral alterations. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest the occurrence of a possible dysfunction in the central auditory nervous system (brainstem) in individuals with noise-induced tinnitus and a normal hearing threshold. .
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Evoked Potentials, Auditory/physiology , Tinnitus/physiopathology , Asymptomatic Diseases , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Auditory Diseases, Central/physiopathology , Auditory Pathways/physiopathology , Auditory Threshold/physiology , Case-Control Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem/physiology , Noise, Occupational/adverse effects , Occupational Exposure , Reference Values , Statistics, NonparametricABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The ASSR test is an electrophysiological test that evaluates, among other aspects, neural synchrony, based on the frequency or amplitude modulation of tones. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of auditory steady-state response testing in detecting lesions and dysfunctions of the central auditory nervous system. METHODS: Seventy volunteers were divided into three groups: those with normal hearing; those with mesial temporal sclerosis; and those with central auditory processing disorder. All subjects underwent auditory steady-state response testing of both ears at 500 Hz and 2000 Hz (frequency modulation, 46 Hz). The difference between auditory steady-state response-estimated thresholds and behavioral thresholds (audiometric evaluation) was calculated. RESULTS: Estimated thresholds were significantly higher in the mesial temporal sclerosis group than in the normal and central auditory processing disorder groups. In addition, the difference between auditory steady-state response-estimated and behavioral thresholds was greatest in the mesial temporal sclerosis group when compared to the normal group than in the central auditory processing disorder group compared to the normal group. DISCUSSION: Research focusing on central auditory nervous system (CANS) lesions has shown that individuals with CANS lesions present a greater difference between ASSR-estimated thresholds and actual behavioral thresholds; ASSR-estimated thresholds being significantly worse than behavioral thresholds in subjects with CANS insults. This is most likely because the disorder prevents the transmission of the sound stimulus from being in phase with the received stimulus, resulting in asynchronous transmitter release. Another possible cause of the greater difference between the ASSR-estimated thresholds and the behavioral thresholds is impaired temporal resolution. CONCLUSIONS: The overall sensitivity of auditory steady-state response testing was lower than its overall specificity. Although the overall specificity was high, it was lower in the central auditory processing disorder group than in the mesial temporal sclerosis group. Overall sensitivity was also lower in the central auditory processing disorder group than in the mesial temporal sclerosis group.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Audiometry, Evoked Response/methods , Auditory Diseases, Central/diagnosis , Auditory Threshold/physiology , Evoked Potentials, Auditory/physiology , Acoustic Stimulation , Age Factors , Auditory Diseases, Central/physiopathology , Electrophysiology , Reproducibility of Results , ROC Curve , Sclerosis , Sensitivity and Specificity , Temporal Bone/pathologyABSTRACT
O sistema sensorial auditivo tem sido alvo de estudos sobre sua capacidade de desenvolver respostas plásticas a diferentes tipos de lesão. Fenômenos regenerativos se fazem observar no segmento periférico do sistema, com a constatação da neogênese de células ciliadas em aves, em alguns casos acompanhada de recuperação funcional comprovada eletrofisiologicamente. Alterações em estruturas centrais da via auditiva, secundárias a uma lesão do órgão periférico, tem sido frequentemente relatadas, significando provável resposta plástica à perturbação do sinal aferente. Exemplo extremo dessas alterações é encontrado em roedores que desenvolvem, secundariamente à indução de perda auditiva parcial, comportamento motor anômalo em resposta ao som intenso, denominado epilepsia audiogênica. Os autores fazem uma revisão sobre o assunto